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So last week, we actually we talked to dr. Lisle, we had a great show
That we talked to Dr. Lisle, a psychologist, about some of the underlying principles of human
behavior that can influence our long-term happiness
And today we're actually going to get a little bit more specific
About a pretty large topic and that topic is self esteem
More specifically as Dr. Lisle calls it the stepping stones to self esteem
But before we get to that a number of you emailed me
Actually, they want you guys wanted to know a little bit more about our guest. Dr. Lisle and his educational background in psychology
Like I mentioned last show. Dr. Lisle has been a psychologist for about 30 years
he graduated from UC San Diego in California, which is actually a couple of hours away from where I'm
Broadcasting right now. So but after he graduated he received a fellowship and to the University of Virginia where he completed his PhD
And after he was appointed
lecturer in psychology at Stanford University
And he also went on to be on staff for the National Center for post-traumatic stress disorder at the VA hospital in Palo Alto
He's worked as a forensic psychologist in Dallas, Texas
And as a consultant for the National Institute of Health clinical trials on cognitive therapy
So let's listen in as dr. Lisle talks to us about self-esteem. Yes, okay
Yeah, I'm trying to describe
Self-esteem a little bit of the history of it and also kind of what it really is
psychologists have generally been
pretty puzzled about self-esteem
They don't
They've almost had two ways of thinking about it and we're gonna find out that those two ways
that it makes sense is they think about it in two separate ways, but if you think about how
Some of the things that you have heard about self-esteem
You've heard sort of two very different concepts one is that, you know,
self-esteem is just something that you can give to yourself and
That that we don't you know
It's not about what other people think and that it's just something it's inside you and you're the one that has to fix it
On the other hand. We also hear that you get your self esteem from
parent-child interactions
So we see a contradiction
Immediately in the way psychologists mostly think about self-esteem
Is that on the one hand they're saying that it's an independent thing
That it doesn't have anything else to do with other people think and secondly
it seems to have everything to do with what your parents thought of you and those interactions so
we see right away that there's a
Confusion among psychologists about how this would work
the
Now the what you won't see in psychology is you're not going to see any theory
About why there is such a thing as self-esteem. That has been sort of something
That's not typically addressed or even really thought about. It's just some some writers have thought that self-esteem is a need
Kind of like a vitamin and as you don't have enough of it bad things happen
So this was the this was actually the the center of
the self-esteem movement in the 1960's and 1970's and one of the chief architects of that
discussion was a man by the name of Nathaniel Brandon and
Brandon
along with people like Abraham Maslow and the humanists basically had this idea that
people had a need for a esteem and if that need
Was was frustrated then people would suffer as a result. And so
and the suffering that they would do would they would essentially
decompensate in some important ways, they like might get into drugs or
Do do criminal behavior and so on and so forth, so it was essentially seen as a a something
Essentially a judgment the one makes it themselves and that that that judgment were not sure what comes from
But that if it's a negative judgment, then this has terrible
consequences. Got it alright.
What what time were all these, Uh, these ideas that self-esteem was a vitamin around. What timeframe was that?
1960s 1970s even 1980s even later
So it wasn't actually until the 1990s that we got our first clarity
On the topic of self-esteem and it came through the laboratory of the social psychologist mark Leary, who was at, Uh,
Well, I forget where he was. I think he was at
I'm forgetting where he was, but now he's at Duke.
Anyway, the I think he's at Wake Forest when he ran these this research
Yeah, what Leary did was he almost accidentally tripped over very important truths
What he did was he had college kids interact with each other and they got then at the end of the interaction
He would give people individually he'd give them feedback
he said, "hey people in the group really enjoyed the conversation and the discussion that was going on and
They're actually thinking about getting together on
Next week to sort of have more discussions."
And then he would say the following or they would give us all feedback. I don't know how he did it,
but you
The subject was either invited over you weren't invited
so in other words, you're either included or you were being rejected by the group and
In this study they had various measurements of different things
But one of the measurements was on what we what they thought was self-esteem and what they discovered was that
the self esteem of people that had been rejected
plummeted as a result of this failure feedback and
Leary looked at this didn't expect it because the concept of self esteem has been almost like it's something
That's a little bit. It's like your internal sculpture of you
it's kind of like, you know, it starts out in ivory and it's carved a little bit at a time by your parents and
Then if you have a lot if you have a really beautiful self-esteem
Then you've got a really beautiful self-esteem
If you've got a hacked up self-esteem, you've got a hack depth self esteem
But what I'm individual group of peep you just interacted with for 20 minutes whether they reject you or accept you
Shouldn't be having any appreciable impact on your self-esteem at all. According to traditional self-esteem theory
However, turns out to not be true. Turns out that Mark Leary's research shows that self-esteem is actually highly dynamic
can change very very quickly and
And so after he published this research
He actually analyzed this and he said listen
"We haven't been looking at self-esteem from an evolutionary perspective.
But if we did we start to under that human beings
Evolved in small packs or small groups and whether or not you were included in the pack
was an unbelievably important in terms of your
Statistical likelihood of survival reproduction, but if you were rejected out of the pack, then you were very likely facing death.
So as a result, you should have a mechanism or a meter device like a thermometer
inside your head for tracking
whether or not you are accepted or rejected by members of the group." and
So he called it. He said listen, this is what we're going to call a sociometer and
This is what the self-esteem mechanism is is it's actually a sociometer.
And so this was actually a profound critique on previous thinking on self esteem because self esteem thinking was that in fact
this is all an internal quiet personal judgment of yourself, and and
Leary was saying, "no, that's not true actually
it's a very social psychological mechanism having to do with what other people think of you and
The advice that psychologists have generally had it which is and your parents your parents will basically say things like, "well who cares
What other people think you can't be paying attention to what other people think." But in fact Mark Leary is saying well actually the self-esteem
Mechanism is designed by nature to be sensitive to what other people think and in fact, it's absolutely essential for your survival and reproductive success
in order to be paying very close attention to what other people think and you need a
mechanism for doing that to give you feedback on a feeling level
That tells you just like you have a hunger Drive and just like thirst mechanism and temperature detection mechanism so much you also
Have a sociometer
Aa method that your nervous system can pick up cues from other people to find out whether you're being accepted or rejected
This would be essential for a social animal to know when their moves that they were making in the village were
Gaining them points or losing them points
So if you're cracking jokes and people like them great and if you are cracking jokes
And they're not liking and you better be able to pick that cue up
If you you dye your hair purple and everybody shuns you then you better not do that again. So
Or do you have to find a new village
Or you got to find a new village and in the Stone Age there wasn't a new village
so, I mean I think in a lot of people's lives were interacting with so many different people if we were to pay attention to
What every single person said it would be
Exhausting and there would be I mean what I'm thinking is it be exhausting that you'd never be able to get anything done
Dr. Lisle, "right.
Yes, and so but the point is is that
nowadays what you have is you have
Your own little village that you are thinking about in your own head. And so there's some X number of people
and X characteristics of other people that that you are tracking what you think that they would do thinking of you and
and so you're actually
So so I don't, you know, no offense to the Hells Angels
But I really don't care what they think of me. Now as we broadcast this they'll probably track me down and burn down my house.
Okay now I hope they don't. They're nice guys. Okay, but
the point is is that
What we are trying to acutally understand here in the same way that we're trying to understand
if you're a biologist, and you're physiologists are trying to understand how how knuckles work and how, you
Know, how toenails work how the knee joint works and how kidneys work. We're trying to understand how the mind works
And so the mind has parts to it it has
Knuckles and joints and kidneys, etc. It has all kinds of specialized capabilities and
the mind is not just an amorphous mass of learning mechanisms like the behaviorists thought it was the mind is in fact a an
incredibly diversified a
nuanced set of tissue and
With thousands and thousands of different
Specialized capabilities just the way the body is built in the same way
And it's going to turn out that one of those pieces of tissue inside
your brain is going to be the Sociometer that Leary is talking about and
so the sociometer is clearly extremely sensitive to social feedback
this is not going to be true if there's something wrong with you like you're autistic and
You are not paying attention to those cues doesn't make any difference much to the chagrin of your parents and everybody else
Because you've got your elbow in your soup and you're
Going up to the woman with the big breasts and putting your hands on them
Like you're just doing all kinds of stuff, but you're not supposed to be doing because you are not sensitive to those cues
yeah, right, but normal human beings with a
normally healthy functioning brain are very
sensitive to to both acceptance and rejection cues from other people and
What they generate is feelings, by the way
when Leary published, he was roundly criticized in social psychological circles because he had, you know, ie used
used
Young college students who would be hypersensitive to their peers bla bla bla
This will not you know, if you use grown-up people with very high senses of self, they wouldn't have been so sensitive.
So he knew that they were wrong. This was just
completely unprincipled
unbiologically informed criticism of him and
Leary had clearly identified a universal mechanism in human nature and what he did then was he went and
Hand-picked a whole slew of people that had been judged by both their peers and themselves
As highly independent that don't give a damn what anybody thinks
So he got a group
those people and he put them in those same kind of groups and he gave them the same failure feedback and they had exactly
the same response on their self-esteem scales as everybody else had had
so this is in fact a universal characteristic of human nature and
If anybody ever says well
I don't care what people think they you just cared about what somebody thought or you wouldn't have uttered that sentence
now the
So the point is is that we are designed to be very aware
Sensitive to what other people think that doesn't mean we twist ourselves in a pretzel for their approval
You know, we run we run cost-benefit analysis on who they are how much approval we want what it's going to cost us
However, we are very sensitive to this now
the so Leary's work was a was a revolution in the field of self-esteem theory and
But there would be more so if we if we actually move on a little bit we're gonna circle back around
To this ancient dilemma that psychologists have had about self-esteem. First of all, we have to let let's
For the moment. Let's also break down what self-esteem
Largely is or the experience of it? What it is is feeling
it's it's a feeling that people have and
that feeling is very much akin to confidence and
so the
what this is is a
It's a device just like all feelings or devices
Feelings are signaling devices that the nervous system has to tell you
Whether circumstances are beneficial or harmful for your survival reproductive prospects
So when you're too cold when you have a feeling of being cold, that's to motivate you to get warmer when you're hungry
It's a feeling that motivates you to eat when you're lonely
It's a feeling to motivate you to associate with other people and when you're scared you are motivated to try to remove threats
So every feeling that you have is a device to tell you to do something. If you're bored
It's a feeling to tell you to seek something that is more profitable for survival and reproductive prospects
And engage in some some process that's more interesting
so your your feelings are a guidance system an
extremely elaborate and subtle guidance system that is trying to orient you towards threats and opportunities in your environment and to create
Impulses in you that are directed towards optimizing your life experience in a way that optimizes survive and reproductive success
One of the most important of those orienting mechanisms is being sensitive to what other people think
So how it is that you feel,
This self-esteem mechanism is largely a result of you
Tracking the cues that you are getting from other people about what they think of you
So
And incidentally when your self-esteem is "low" we call, we have a word for that. It's called being depressed
so psychiatrist and psychologists sometimes think the depression is some kind of a disease some kind of malaise that just sort of
Lands on people for no apparent reason. This is utter nonsense
depression is a feeling and just like every other feeling it has a
Biological purpose and its purpose is to signal that you are not getting good feedback cues from your social environment
That's what causes people to be depressed. They could also be depressed about their own personal survival
You know
They just got news that they've got terminal cancer that will also make people depressed but most depression
Most of the time is caused by social cues that tell people
that they are struggling in one of the three major domains in human life and the
three major demands of human life are
number one mating number two
Friendship and number three
trade
These are the three ways that human beings solve the problems of survival and reproduction
they solve survival problems by making friends and trading they solve reproduction problems by
selling mates on the idea of mating with them as well as mating behavior would also be for example
Raising your children is in fact mating behavior. So these are so family processes are also under reproduction
So as a result you are designed by nature to track
Cues from your social environment that tell you whether or not you are getting successful feedback
That others want to engage in trades with you
So for example as I as I explained many times
I have never seen the following client. The client is healthy. It is in no pain
they are there the work that they do is
Ethical and understood in the marketplace to be excellent work and they are they are
Engaged in a great deal of profitable trade and they are their well respected and well compensated
they have warm friendships with people that they admire and respect that admire and respect them and they have a
romantic sexual
exciting relationship with a mate that they consider very attractive who also
Considers them very attractive and both of them feel lucky to have found that mate
I have never seen an individual that walked through my door with all three of those situations
Firing on all cylinders and telling me I don't know what's wrong Dr. Lisle I'm depressed
Never happened. Okay. Now it might happen. I've only been doing this kind of work for 35 years
So you never know but when people walk through that door and they're depressed
It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure out that their depression is centered in one of these three domains
Okay, and so and we find out that their depression when we start talking about what domain it is
It is not mysterious as to what's happening. They are receiving failure feedback in the domain
I have never had anybody come in and say I'm so depressed. I don't know what's going on
I keep winning the Super Bowl every year
Nobody says that
Okay, the so it's always as the result of following issue
human beings calibrate their
expectations for themselves
Relative to what they see other people of similar abilities accomplish. So this is how we set goals
So if you're a pretty good little tennis player, you don't set the goal to be the next Andre Agassi
that's not what you do, but you might want to make the varsity at your high school and
So as a result
What happens is is that
We set goals for what we think we can achieve in terms of impressing people
in the social environment by our achievements and then we seek to do the things necessary to try to
Display those characteristics to the marketplace.
When we fall short of our expectations, it's disappointing
and if we continue to fall short repeatedly, we get frustrated and eventually depressed and
depression is a mechanism of
lowered
esteem signaling, in other words
We are getting signals from the environment that they do not esteem us as much as we would hope and we expected and therefore
depression is a necessary signal that encourages us to quit doing what we've been doing and
quit putting energies into a losing cause okay. This is a part of a
more Universal principle in animal motivation which is to
depress or reduce the amount of energy output on a
target goal if it's unlikely to be productive and so if you have
You know if you were told that, you know
put the Wall Street Journal under your arm and start door-knocking to look for a job and you did that and
67 doors later and three weeks later. Nobody had was interested in hiring you you should be depressed
And would be a biological
catastrophe if you were not depressed. You should be depressed because the depression is a signal to you that you are getting
Consistent failure feedback with this strategy and you should in fact try to not continue that strategy
the
so the
so feelings of quote "low self-esteem" are
feelings that result from
feedback from the social environment that indicates that our
our efforts at displaying our or
Essentially what would people do is they advertise a value proposition of the marketplace either in mating
or in friendships or in trade
What you have something what you're trying to do is you're trying to establish a relationship of exchange
with one of those three classes of individuals
so to to make this very untechnical if Bob wants to date Sue he is essentially
Displaying for her or advertising a value proposition and
If she does not want to buy
Then that is failure feedback and he's going to be disappointed if he then goes to Mary
Which he may go to Mary because Mary is the second most desirable person for him
Then and she rejects him then he's going to be disappointed again if he then goes to Karen who is one notch down
Further and he fails again pretty soon our boy is starting to be depressed
Okay, and the depression is a signal that says, you know don't walk around
Chewing tobacco and spitting on her shoes before you ask her out for the movies on Saturday night in other words
he's going to start to try to figure out what he's doing wrong and
Stop the action as to what he's doing now because it's because he's receiving failure feedback.
Nate: This is very good
Nate: This is very good. It's on my to-do list stop chewing tobacco and spitting on my date's shoes.
Nate: That explains Sunday night. I'm they dad that explains it so
Dr. Lisle: So what what we do as people is we advertise
Because all three of these domains of life are actually under what we're going to call competitive pressure
so you can't just mate with who you want and you can't just be friends with who you want and you can't just
do the things that you want in trade. Doesn't work that way. There are
More there are people with desirable characteristics that will not want to trade with you because they want to trade with somebody else
And so I don't care if you're Michael Jordon eventually they got rid of Michael Jordan out of Chicago
He got too old and they didn't think they could win with him and he wasn't worth the money and they let him go
Okay, so the doesn't matter who you are you are your you are always under competitive pressure
From other people and you are trying to advertise your wares as to what you can trade in
competition with other people. I
must say, you know, I don't mind taking potshots at fellow psychologists without naming them maybe specifically of course, but
psychology is notorious for
Particularly clinical psychology that people try to actually help people. They are notorious for putting their heads in the sand
about the concept of competition
For example, I mean even Nathaniel Branden as fine a thinker as he was in many ways in the self-esteem arena
He thought of self-esteem is something that had nothing to do with competition with other people
that he likened it to physical health and that physical health was
Not competitive with other people and and he said psychological health
Would mean high self esteem and therefore that's not have anything to do with other people
Well, he was just flat-out totally wrong. It has everything to do with other people
the
Psychological health does not have to do with self-esteem and that was a big misunderstanding
the
psychological health might have to do with
tremendous disease processes like schizophrenia
or possibly somebody has I
Don't know terrible
seizure disorders that cause all kinds of problems
I mean we're talking about structural architectural problems with a brain that that is a whole different issue
that is psychological health at that level the or you could also argue that people who have
genetically
mediated
bizarre anomalies that are very problematic
obsessive-compulsive disorder, etc, etc that
People can be highly functional, but they can do an awful lot of suffering and you could in principle call that psychological and healthy
but
It's a little strange way to put it
But low self-esteem is not a sign of bad psychological health. It's a sign of failure feedback and
This was a big misunderstanding on Brandon's part and it is highly
interdependent with signalling from other people and it's all about competition and
It's all about the signaling that we get or what we're going to call esteem cues from other people
that tell us about how valuable we are
Nate: Thanks. This is very interesting because kind of contrary this is kind of contrary to what we hear on dr
Phil and Oprah and all the other shows
And so if we can talk a little bit about like what are some of the key ingredients?
Can you well before actually we get to that if anybody wants to call in for any questions,
The number is six five seven three eight three
Zero seven five one. Feel free to call in and we'll get to you when we can again
The number is six five seven three eight three zero seven five one
If you're listening on the website
You can go in the chat room and just go under a guest and just you can type some questions in as well
I'm reading those as well
But yeah
So it seems a little contrary to what we've been hearing with with all the the pop
Psychology and the reality shows and things like that
Can you I guess a good question I have is can you give someone good self-esteem?
Dr. Lisle: No, you can't. The truth is is that
that self-esteem just just like
No, as I said, there's these two
mystical parts of self-esteem that have not been understood
but by the time we're done here in a little while people will have an understanding of this that
so first of all, the
number one ingredient of the self esteem mechanism is
Is this tracking mechanism of the cues that we have from other people.
And so self-esteem also as we can see is not global. It isn't universal across three three domains actually highly domain-specific
So someone could have for example
Very be very highly esteemed at their work
Being well paid well-regarded
highly respected
Okay
they could actually even have very good friends who think that they're terrific and conscientious and flying person and they could be getting
Bad feedback in the mating arena and be really frustrated possibly that they've got their set sight
Sight set maybe there are five on one to ten scale for sexual attractiveness
and they really think because they are such a fine person and well compensated and
outstanding individual but they deserve a seven or eight in the looks arena and they can't get it and
And as a result
they they are they may be very frustrated with that situation and
quite depressed about it when they when they are in those arenas or in those situations and so
as a result it can and feel and
feel the low self-esteem as the self-esteem goes off as the esteem meter fires off and
Tells them once again that they were rejected by a seven that they thought that they should qualify for and didn't
The that they are that they are unhappy and they're spending hours and minutes
You know minutes and hours in a depressed state as a result of the failure feedback
and so this is how it is that now we're clarifying a
What has been an essentially
preliminary and sloppy
Understanding of what self esteem is and we start cleaning it up and realizing
oh, no, it's much more specific than this you can absolutely feel very confident and
valued and and appropriately treated in the marketplace in one domain and not feel that in another domain and
So we see now that self-esteem is not carved in stone inside of you as a general
Overall feeling about what you think about yourself, but it's in fact highly domain-specific
particularly to these three domains
And in people is someone who has great friends at a great mate
But is unemployed and getting a bunch of negative feedback in the marketplace can be very depressed and frustrated about that situation. So
The so now what we're going to do is we're going to move
through into into another place here, which is
Let's think about what people do is they advertise
What they have to display and trade with other people
so they display in the mating arena its standard operating procedure throughout the animal kingdom to make
Displays such as singing,
dancing, athletics, beauty, and houses those those five are
Very universal throughout the animal kingdom. You will see a beautiful
plumage, you will see beautiful sculpted bodies, you'll see athletic competitions. You will see
housing in other words the best houses and nests and in a particular habitat for a particular species are under high competitive pressure and
Therefore only the most fit animals can get those things. That would be the equivalent of you know,
the fancy house at the top of Hill in Beverly Hills
you
Better be a pretty fit organism to get the resources to be able to get that house
And if you did get it, you know what
I mean, that it's a signal of something important that is also true in the animal kingdom.
So those are some very prominent things in the mating arena, but not so much in
For example trade or friendship so in trade and friendship people are more
Signaling things like personality characteristics. How conscientious how kind
how intelligent how
social things of this nature
these are these basic personality characteristics that people
Signal and they'll do that on job interviews and they'll say well what's your weakness and you'll say well sometimes I'm just you know
I get so lost and doing things perfectly that that you know, I lose a little time perspective
Yeah, the only thing that you can afford to admit is being a perfectionist for god sakes
Nate: So almost like you were there with me at the job interview
Dr. Lisle: There you go, so
This is what people do and they're making displays with
Everything. With their haircuts with their clothes with their cars with their careers with the country clubs
How many karats they have on their hand everything that you see
People are trying to display these characteristics in order to be competitive
With respect to trades and potential trades in the marketplace for mates, friends and trading partners. Now
But now where it is does so essentially what I'm going to argue
Is that a very important feeling in life is the sensitivity that we have to esteem cues from other people?
So I'm going to call this esteem as opposed to self esteem
Now people will interchange two very different concepts that we're going to be discussing
the first is the one thing that I'm going to call esteem and Mark Leary, when he
Examined us when people asked about how they felt about their self-esteem after they got rejected from other people
They said all of my self-esteem is low. But in fact I will argue that that is not the self esteem mechanism
I will argue that that is an esteem mechanism
and we we
Interchangeably use two different concepts and we're going to see the second concept in a minute and this has been part of the confusion
Throughout the history of psychology has been about that
There are actually two very different mechanisms, esteem mechanisms, but they feel the same.
So one of them is going to be
In fact, for example if let's say some attractive woman
You know flirts with you, you are going to walk away and tell your friend. Wow, that was good for my ego
Okay now so the ego quote that word is the word we use for
Mark Leary's sociometer or what i'm going to call an esteem meter
Okay, so if you get rejected for three job interviews, you say wow, that's tough on my ego
So we actually have a word in our language
For this mechanism because the process is that it accomplishes are so important and the word is ego. Okay
now
However, what we're going to do is we're going to look slightly differently at this process
We're going to say okay, but there seems to be something else besides
What other people think of me that seems to be acting
Inside of me and that is sometimes other people don't have to be even around and I have feelings
So for example, if I put on a suit in the mirror at Macy's and nobody else is around I say, whoa
That looks pretty good on me. I
Might say oh I feel my self-esteem rising. Okay, and
you do and now we're going to look at what this is. So human beings in order to
have advertised
Their their wares to the marketplace they were better off if they rehearsed
So for example, let's suppose it's an ancient environment right at the dawn of language
you know some guy that said, you know to some girl with a
Ancient dance, you know, oh stars me you you know
that guy got laid because he was the first guy at that point of the stars and you
Know tried to bring that into the conversation
But a few hundred thousand years later
You better be better than that
So you better be thinking before you go up to the girl what you're gonna say to her, you know
I still walk up there and say where'd you get that bone in your hair? You don't say that?
Okay, you try to say something clever. You know, what's your sign, something.
Try to say something that's going to be interesting
and the way that you're going to figure out that what's going to be interesting is you're going to have a little
facsimile of her brain sitting inside your head
you're gonna have a little let's suppose her name's
Guba, okay. So you've got a little Guba in your head and you're thinking, hmm if I see this, what do I think?
No, I think she'll frown. What about this? No, that's all what about though thats funny. That'll be good
okay, so you
Essentially replay you play the situation in your mind's eye before it ever happens. You rehearse it.
So human beings turn out to be great rehearsers. They rehearse and they rehearse and they rehearse and they rehearse and rehearse
So they rehearse before they go out on a date they put on different clothes. They look at the situation in the mirror
They look at incontestable differences in their from different angles in the mirror. They changed their hair a little bit
They put on a different color color-coordinated this or that etc, etc, etc
They're rehearsing. In order to rehearse
You have to have a mechanism inside your head that's
Anticipating what other people think and this is going to be what I call the internal audience
So the internal audience is a mechanism that it's a specialized set of neural tissue
that effectively acts as if other people are watching you and
that mechanism what it does is just as if other people were watching you and giving you esteemed signals as to whether they liked your
Advertisement or not? The internal audience will do the same thing. It will give you positive feedback and will give you negative feedback.
Now this has been noticed in the history of psychology
So cognitive therapy
Which is the most researched most respected therapeutic process on the planet for psychology
they actually call it the internal critic and
Here they make a mistake
The internal audience is not a critic. You could say that it's a critic in the most in the most
Precise
Use of the term ie a critic can either be positive or negative in its feedback
But the cognitive therapists are not thinking of it in that way
They think of that the human beings have a pesky
Critical internal voice and that you have to figure out how to talk back to it and to challenge it etc. Hmm
Here they make a mistake
It is not a critic
the internal audience is an audience and it will applaud you if you do a good job in your rehearsal and it will
Criticize you if you do a lousy job in your rehearsal
This is what I'm going to call the self-esteem mechanism. The self-esteem. Mechanism is the social psychological
process that takes place inside of your own mind and
If the reason why we evolve such a mechanism is to give us feedback
during rehearsal, so you can imagine if you could think of a
Clever thing to say to the pretty girl then how much more confidence you would feel walking up there and motivated to do it
Whereas if you could not think of anything really clever to say you might just keep your mouth shut
Because your internal audience says you don't have anything intelligent to say
okay, so
Through this method through an internal audience the internal audience signals the esteem
Mechanism or the ego in the same way that realized social feedback from real live people will signal it
Now this is self-esteem
and this is this is what people were trying to say and the Nathaniel Brandon was trying to say
When he said look only you can give it to yourself, okay.
So and he is correct, but people misunderstand
That you should just say positive things to yourself about yourself. This is absurd the self-esteem
Mechanism is a very sophisticated audience. If you just try to say positive things about yourself, it couldn't care less
okay, the self-esteem mechanism is sensitive to observing your rehearsals and how well you do at rehearsal if
You work really hard and are diligent and you do a good job
Even if nobody else has seen it your internal audience says good job
You worked really hard
If you do a half-baked job and cheat on your diet
And no and then you tried to stand in front of the mirror and try to give yourself positive self affirmations
totally worthless process the
Self-esteem mechanism is not fooled the internal audience couldn't care less and it will give you the same mediocre feedback that it gave you yesterday
so it turns out that you actually have
indirect control
Over an enormously important component of your happiness, which is your self-esteem mechanism
You have no control
Really,
over whether other people will ever accept you, ever value what it is that you do, ever want to mate with you, ever want to
Be your friend or ever hire you. Of course
You've got some indirect control over it
You can you can hustle and try to figure out what other people do that works and success leaves clues
So it turns you can get coaching and advice and liposuction and whatever
okay, here are ways to battle the competitive problems that people have however,
We do not have very much control
Over whether or not we will ever be able to achieve the positive feedback that we think we might deserve from the marketplace.
So our esteem meter may not
fire
Over lifetime in the way that we would hope on the other hand
It may fire completely adequately as we reach goals that we think we deserve and we do reach them
So but what we do have control over is the self-esteem mechanism, which is about 50% of your happiness
You have the ability to actually earn on a daily basis
the internal audiences regard from diligent excellent effort and
That thing I have to tell you is merciless
This is where people that are very talented and attractive
They get a tremendous amount of positive feedback from the world for who it is that they are and what they look like
These people can actually have low self-esteem which seems incredible that that would be true
But it can and they can have very high esteem
They can enjoy enjoy the fact that their adored by other people and that can feel very good when that is happening
but in their quiet moments when they are when they are really
Not proud of who it is that they are and they have not done a good job of actualizing more potential
And they have they haven't been a very good person then they then they rightly and appropriately may have very low self-esteem
Experiences and can only be corrected by excellent diligent effort. That is the only way that is corrected. And
And so but it is beautiful to know that we actually have a pitiless
democratic and
very durable mechanism inside of us that is largely responsible for how does that we feel for most of the
hours of our life
Nate: That is that's very interesting so
Basically, if someone compliments you over and over and over again and gives you all this positive feedback
But you internally know that you really didn't deserve it that will not result in self esteem. Is that my understanding?
Dr. Lisle: Not at all. In fact, it's worse than that. We can talk another time
Nate if you have me back on on traps that are set up for the self esteem mechanism when that happens, so
Actually people
if people are
can sense this in their children if they're encouraging their children about how great their children are and their children are in fact
Self-destructing right in front of them, are highly demotivated and are playing video games and not doing their math homework
go to my website at a scheme dynamics org and
There is material on there about that that I will explain that process
The the self-esteem mechanism can be put under bizarre pressure when
expectations are
put that are too high and
As a result, all the positive feedback in the world
is actually usually a disaster for the self-esteem process the feedback to your children should be
You know what I would call, you know, a hundred ten percent of the truth.
In other words, the truth plus a little extra
Nice gentle frosting. Not two hundred percent of the truth or four hundred percent of the truth
Which is what is a standard operating procedure these days.
Not telling little kids that they can be great and that they can reach these high Heights. This does not motivate them. It demotivates them.
Instead what we want to do is we want to be
really quite honest and pretty accurate but gentle about that accuracy and if we do that and
And we keep it right there. That's the best results for for us and anybody else.
Nate: So what what advice would you give someone
Who either wanted to boost or develop their own self-esteem or wanted to develop self-esteem with someone else?
Dr. Lisle: Yes
the
What we would want to do is we would want a number one figure out which domain of life whether it's mating friendship or trade
that you feel like you are not
achieving as much as you would expect that you should be able to.
So the domain of life which is most frustrating for you and
Then what we're going to do is we're going to make a study of that domain and try to assess
Why it is that the market is not biting as far Don what we have to offer as we think they should
and we're going to try to figure what out what that is.
And a lot of times what that is is that there's some work and some hustle and some effort that is associated with
What our competitors are doing who are maybe no more genetically endowed than us in some domain.
What they are doing versus what we are doing that we may be
Just as talented and beautiful as people that are doing better than we are
but we are only putting out 70% of the effort where we are not being as effective and
So we need to then
essentially analyze that problem and then realize that we may have some things to learn and
Some things that we may need to develop and some conditions that we made to improve
We may need to be in better financial condition better physical condition
We may be had to be a better intellectual condition
we need to be you know, essentially be more knowledgeable about something or more skillful in order to be more competitive and
So so it is usually breaks down to what we're going to call what I call the fundamentals that
If you're a basketball team
It just is got just got beat up by another basketball team and you desperately would like to be competitive with them,
You don't just hope and pray and swear up and down and jump up and down. There are
Fundamental actions that that team did and they did them better than you did them
and the reason they did them better than you did them is that they practiced more than you did and
they practiced more effectively and they spent more time and energy in
Learning the requisite skills needed to do that job well.
That is true whether or not you are a basketball player piano player math teacher
Cutting hair or you are a business man trying to sell tacos.
There are fundamentals to what it is that you are trying to do and if you are not doing well in the marketplace and your
feelings of esteem is suffering behind this,
Then your job is to figure out what those fundamentals are and put time and energy and resources
into trying to improve your competitive standing, that is what you do. And when you do that process
your self-esteem mechanism rises as
Appreciates the effort that you put in
You will then get an enormous boost if you actually get a esteem signals from the marketplace where that improves, okay?
But but the first thing that we care about is self-esteem
self-esteem is is
immediately
Dynamic in that as you break the problems down and address them and face
What it is that you can do about them and you start to do whatever that is about them
You will start to feel better about yourself almost immediately
I had a woman I'll tell you a story before we close. I had a woman that that
Texted me about five years ago
One of my good clients who
Good-humoured bright pretty lady
Midlife and she struggles with being self indulgent and gaining weight eating
And she goes up and down and I've seen her go up and down, you know over 20 years
when she loses weight
She's very attractive and and very self-confident and then she gains 30 pounds and then she feels bad about herself
disgusted and back and forth it goes and
and she texted me and she said
Dr. Doug, I need some a quick fix. I
feel down
disgusted and with myself and I'm fat again and I just need you to say something and I just don't feel like
You know eating a bunch of vegetables today. I just don't feel like that's gonna do it for me if I do that
And what I said to her is I texted her back. I said the fastest way to improve your self-esteem
is to exercise vigorously
You go to the gym and you work out and I want you to work out really really hard until your muscles are tired
And sore and you're exhausted
Because if you do that
When it's midnight
You cannot give it back
whereas if you ate
Well for the next two meals
And ate a bunch of rice and vegetables and thought you'd been a good girl
You could blow the whole thing by eating a bunch of ice cream at midnight
so your
Internal audience does not believe that you deserve any pat on the back
just because you did a good job by eating a couple of healthy meals, but your internal audience will
Respect you if you go into the gym and workout really hard because if you do that, you know
You did it your internal audience knows you did it and no matter what you eat after that
It knows that you made a tremendous effort
Okay?
She texted me back. I wrote this all up and you know a couple of paragraphs and she said
fantastic
I feel so much better. I don't even have to go to the gym
Nate: Mission accomplished
Dr. Lisle: It was a thing of beauty. Okay, but the fun thing about it for me was it was clearly hitting what I call her source code
It was right down inside of her neural circuits
It was accurate and that is correct that she could actually imagine
doing the exercise and imagine what her internal audience would feel and
It was correct. It would you would have felt she would have felt really good about herself.
Nate: So she solved the problem for her. It seems like the the main motivation was just to find a solution to the problem. And once the solution exists, then there is no need to.
Dr. Lisle: No need to put out in the effort, right
Nate: It reminds me of a joke where
You know a mathematician is in a hotel room with a with an engineer and the hotel
lobby is on fire and the engineer comes out and he says I'm going to go get the
Get to get the fire extinguisher the math the mathematician looks outside. He says, oh I see where the fire started
Okay, I can go back to bed now
So, you know for his for him the solution exists those where it came from now, he doesn't have to stress as much
Dr. Lisle: That's right. There you go
Nate:So so in general for the fundamentals for mates
Friends or trading partners or business,
one of the fundamentals I just heard you say was basically go to the gym or go exercise vigorously are there any
Other fundamentals that are specific to either of these three process? Are there these three
relationships?
Dr. Lisle: well, certainly the
There are all three of them have their own have their own fundamentals
so in the case of of
Attractiveness going to the gym is a fundamental
It's the better physical condition that you are in the more attractive that you are and so if you do the hard work
associated with that you will feel better about
Yourself even before anybody ever says anything
So long before you get any esteem from other people, you will get self esteem from the internal audience who
Recognizes that you are doing an effective rehearsal. Okay. The same thing is true if you are
If you are for example
struggling professionally, so let's suppose you're a financial guy and you you know
You went to school and you majored in finance from you know
I don't know Arizona State and you're kind of having a hard time getting a job and you're kind of depressed about it
And you're you're feeling the competitive pressure, but now you find out that oh
If you do this exam called system seven or what the heck it is. No, it's gonna be a whole bunch of work
Well if you sit down and realize okay
well
I got five months work to do here and
the first night you sit down and you work for four hours on that and you test yourself and you see that you learned a
Lot, your internal audience says well done Joe
Okay, and your self-esteem starts to rise immediately
So and you do it two or three or four or five six nights in a row within two weeks
Your self-esteem can be much higher
Even though we're a long ways away from passing our system seven exam
We can see that what that we have
What it takes to do it because we've done little bits of it and there's nothing about the later bits
That is any different or more complicated than the early bits. And so essentially the process it's a universal process of
Understanding that all nature achievements is all big achievements are nothing other than small achievements
Accumulated that's all they are. There is no one giant achievement. There is no such thing
human achievements are always the result of
Little achievements and little achievements happen, literally one second at a time as we
Put our effort
in trying to figure out the math problem or we put our effort on trying to figure out how we hold the snow ski
pull every little bit of human achievement is literally done one second at a time and if we make those
efforts
Diligently to try to improve our competitive standing in any arena, our self-esteem will rise
Automatically. We litterally have an indirect level over how it is that we feel about ourselves
Nate: Fantastic, I'm actually very curious to hear more about these traps that you talked about a little bit earlier
And so we'd love to have you come back on
And and talk about that when you have a chance
Thank you again for coming on Dr. Lisle
Dr. Lisle: My pleasure. Thanks for having me
Nate: It's it's a pleasure. And again if you have any questions comments concerns
go on the website and
We'll be back we will be back next week at 7:30 p.m. On Wednesday and
Also visit. Dr. Lisle's website esteem dynamics org. Thank you very much. Have a wonderful night. Thank you
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